Environment
OS: CEntOS 6.10
Oracle: Oracle Database 11.2.0.4 SE with JUL2019 PSU Applied
Memory: 4G
HDD: 100G
Prerequisites
Verify all prerequisites packages are installed on the server. Install oracle-database-preinstall-18c package before upgrading. If you have internet access on the server you can download and install the package with yum command or you can download package from internet and install manually. Use link below to download it manually.
Execute yum command to download and install pre-install package.
yum -y install oracle-database-preinstall-18c
Create new Oracle Home for Oracle 18c.
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1/
Extract 18c source file to newly created Oracle Home.
su - oracle
cd /media/sf_Softwares/Oracle
unzip LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1
Add new Oracle Home setting to /etc/oratab. Make sure to comment or remove the older OH.
vi /etc/oratab
Modify response file.
Once extract is completed, change directory to 18c Oracle Home. Change environment variables and set recently created directory as ORACLE_HOME. Copy response file to some other location. This will preserve original respose file. Modify respose file till the Grid Option.
Set all the parameters value till you reach Grid Options.
. oraenv
cd $ORACLE_HOME
cd install/response/
cp db_install.rsp ~oracle/
cd ~oracle/
vi db_install.rsp
Modify response file and fill-up all the required parameter values. Before updating response file it has contents as below.
Once it has been modified and updated it looks as below.
Execute command below to start installation
./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -responseFile ~oracle/db_install.rsp SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
Execute root.sh as user root described in installation output.
/u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Download and extract pre-upgrade file to new Oracle home location.
Download the latest "preupgrade.jar" file from MOS 884522.1.
cd /media/sf_Softwares/Oracle/
ls
unzip preupgrade_181_cbuild_7_lf.zip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/
Executed pre-upgrade jar before upgrade. Make sure all issue reported should be fixed before upgrading database to latest version.
Output should be something like below. Fixes are available at the buttom.
Report generated by Oracle Database Pre-Upgrade Information Tool Version
18.0.0.0.0 Build: 6 on 2019-09-01T11:16:07
Upgrade-To version: 18.0.0.0.0
=======================================
Status of the database prior to upgrade
=======================================
Database Name: ORCL
Container Name: Not Applicable in Pre-12.1 database
Container ID: Not Applicable in Pre-12.1 database
Version: 11.2.0.4.0
Compatible: 11.2.0.4.0
Blocksize: 8192
Platform: Linux x86 64-bit
Timezone File: 14
Database log mode: NOARCHIVELOG
Readonly: FALSE
Edition: R1
Oracle Component Upgrade Action Current Status
---------------- -------------- --------------
Oracle Server [to be upgraded] VALID
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine [to be upgraded] VALID
Oracle XDK for Java [to be upgraded] VALID
Oracle Workspace Manager [to be upgraded] VALID
OLAP Analytic Workspace [to be upgraded] INVALID
Oracle Enterprise Manager Repository [to be upgraded] VALID
Oracle Text [to be upgraded] VALID
Oracle XML Database [to be upgraded] VALID
Oracle Java Packages [to be upgraded] VALID
Oracle Multimedia [to be upgraded] VALID
Oracle Spatial [to be upgraded] VALID
Expression Filter [to be upgraded] VALID
Rule Manager [to be upgraded] VALID
Oracle OLAP API [to be upgraded] INVALID
==============
BEFORE UPGRADE
==============
REQUIRED ACTIONS
================
1. Contact Oracle Support for instructions on how to resolve this error.
ERROR: ORA-29548 ORA-29548: Java system class reported: could not
identify release specified in classes.bin
There is a problem with the JAVAVM component and database upgrade cannot
be performed until it is corrected.
JAVAVM component must be functioning properly before database upgrade.
RECOMMENDED ACTIONS
===================
2. Update NUMERIC INITIALIZATION PARAMETERS to meet estimated minimums.
This action may be done now or when starting the database in upgrade mode
using the 18.0.0.0.0 ORACLE HOME.
Parameter Currently 18.0.0.0.0 minimum
--------- --------- ------------------
*memory_target 729808896 1203765248
processes 150 300
The database upgrade process requires certain initialization parameters
to meet minimum values. The Oracle upgrade process itself has minimum
values which may be higher and are marked with an asterisk. After
upgrading, those asterisked parameter values may be reset if needed.
3. Remove the EM repository.
- Copy the $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/emremove.sql script from the target
18.0.0.0.0 ORACLE_HOME into the source 11.2.0.4.0 ORACLE_HOME.
Step 1: If database control is configured, stop EM Database Control,
using the following command
$> emctl stop dbconsole
Step 2: Connect to the database using the SYS account AS SYSDBA
SET ECHO ON;
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
@emremove.sql
Without the set echo and serveroutput commands, you will not be able to
follow the progress of the script.
The database has an Enterprise Manager Database Control repository.
Starting with Oracle Database 12c, the local Enterprise Manager Database
Control does not exist anymore. The repository will be removed from your
database during the upgrade. This step can be manually performed before
the upgrade to reduce downtime.
4. Remove OLAP Catalog by running the 11.2.0.4.0 SQL script
$ORACLE_HOME/olap/admin/catnoamd.sql script.
The OLAP Catalog component, AMD, exists in the database.
Starting with Oracle Database 12c, the OLAP Catalog (OLAP AMD) is
desupported and will be automatically marked as OPTION OFF during the
database upgrade if present. Oracle recommends removing OLAP Catalog
(OLAP AMD) before database upgrade. This step can be manually performed
before the upgrade to reduce downtime.
5. Upgrade Oracle Application Express (APEX) manually before the database
upgrade.
The database contains APEX version 3.2.1.00.12. Upgrade APEX to at least
version 5.1.3.00.05.
Starting with Oracle Database Release 18, APEX is not upgraded
automatically as part of the database upgrade. Refer to My Oracle Support
Note 1088970.1 for information about APEX installation and upgrades.
6. (AUTOFIXUP) Gather stale data dictionary statistics prior to database
upgrade in off-peak time using:
EXECUTE DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DICTIONARY_STATS;
Dictionary statistics do not exist or are stale (not up-to-date).
Dictionary statistics help the Oracle optimizer find efficient SQL
execution plans and are essential for proper upgrade timing. Oracle
recommends gathering dictionary statistics in the last 24 hours before
database upgrade.
For information on managing optimizer statistics, refer to the 11.2.0.4
Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide.
7. Directly grant ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER privilege to the owner of the
trigger or drop and re-create the trigger with a user that was granted
directly with such. You can list those triggers using "SELECT OWNER,
TRIGGER_NAME FROM DBA_TRIGGERS WHERE TRIM(BASE_OBJECT_TYPE)='DATABASE'
AND OWNER NOT IN (SELECT GRANTEE FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS WHERE
PRIVILEGE='ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER')"
There is one or more database triggers whose owner does not have the
right privilege on the database.
The creation of database triggers must be done by users granted with
ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER privilege. Privilege must have been granted
directly.
8. (AUTOFIXUP) Gather statistics on fixed objects prior the upgrade.
None of the fixed object tables have had stats collected.
Gathering statistics on fixed objects, if none have been gathered yet, is
recommended prior to upgrading.
For information on managing optimizer statistics, refer to the 11.2.0.4
Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide.
INFORMATION ONLY
================
9. To help you keep track of your tablespace allocations, the following
AUTOEXTEND tablespaces are expected to successfully EXTEND during the
upgrade process.
Min Size
Tablespace Size For Upgrade
---------- ---------- -----------
SYSAUX 510 MB 720 MB
SYSTEM 760 MB 1195 MB
TEMP 20 MB 150 MB
UNDOTBS1 50 MB 446 MB
Minimum tablespace sizes for upgrade are estimates.
ORACLE GENERATED FIXUP SCRIPT
=============================
All of the issues in database ORCL
which are identified above as BEFORE UPGRADE "(AUTOFIXUP)" can be resolved by
executing the following
SQL>@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/orcl/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql
=============
AFTER UPGRADE
=============
REQUIRED ACTIONS
================
None
RECOMMENDED ACTIONS
===================
10. (AUTOFIXUP) If you use the -T option for the database upgrade, then run
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utluptabdata.sql after the upgrade is complete,
to VALIDATE and UPGRADE any user tables affected by changes to
Oracle-Maintained types.
There are user tables dependent on Oracle-Maintained object types.
If the -T option is used to set user tablespaces to READ ONLY during the
upgrade, user tables in those tablespaces, that are dependent on
Oracle-Maintained types, will not be automatically upgraded. If a type is
evolved during the upgrade, any dependent tables need to be re-validated
and upgraded to the latest type version AFTER the database upgrade
completes.
11. Upgrade the database time zone file using the DBMS_DST package.
The database is using time zone file version 14 and the target 18.0.0.0.0
release ships with time zone file version 31.
Oracle recommends upgrading to the desired (latest) version of the time
zone file. For more information, refer to "Upgrading the Time Zone File
and Timestamp with Time Zone Data" in the 18.0.0.0.0 Oracle Database
Globalization Support Guide.
12. (AUTOFIXUP) Gather dictionary statistics after the upgrade using the
command:
EXECUTE DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DICTIONARY_STATS;
Oracle recommends gathering dictionary statistics after upgrade.
Dictionary statistics provide essential information to the Oracle
optimizer to help it find efficient SQL execution plans. After a database
upgrade, statistics need to be re-gathered as there can now be tables
that have significantly changed during the upgrade or new tables that do
not have statistics gathered yet.
13. Gather statistics on fixed objects after the upgrade and when there is a
representative workload on the system using the command:
EXECUTE DBMS_STATS.GATHER_FIXED_OBJECTS_STATS;
This recommendation is given for all preupgrade runs.
Fixed object statistics provide essential information to the Oracle
optimizer to help it find efficient SQL execution plans. Those
statistics are specific to the Oracle Database release that generates
them, and can be stale upon database upgrade.
For information on managing optimizer statistics, refer to the 11.2.0.4
Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide.
INFORMATION ONLY
================
14. Check the Oracle documentation for the identified components for their
specific upgrade procedure.
The database upgrade script will not upgrade the following Oracle
components: OLAP Catalog,OWB
The Oracle database upgrade script upgrades most, but not all Oracle
Database components that may be installed. Some components that are not
upgraded may have their own upgrade scripts, or they may be deprecated or
obsolete.
ORACLE GENERATED FIXUP SCRIPT
=============================
All of the issues in database ORCL
which are identified above as AFTER UPGRADE "(AUTOFIXUP)" can be resolved by
executing the following
SQL>@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/orcl/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql
==================
PREUPGRADE SUMMARY
==================
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/orcl/preupgrade/preupgrade.log
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/orcl/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/orcl/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql
Execute fixup scripts as indicated below:
Before upgrade log into the database and execute the preupgrade fixups
@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/orcl/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql
After the upgrade:
Log into the database and execute the postupgrade fixups
@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/orcl/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql
Preupgrade complete: 2019-09-01T11:16:07
[oracle@oratest dbhome_1]$
Fix all the issues and execute preupgrade_fixups.sql
@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/orcl/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql
Recompile all invalid objects
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp
Stop database and listener process that is running from 11g
shutdown immediate
lsnrctl stop
Copy network configuration files, spfile and password files to new ORACLE_HOME.
Start listener and database in upgrade mode
Change environments to 18c
Start listener
Start database in upgrade mode
lsnrctl start
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup upgrade
Set following environments. Without these environment variable I had encountered error.
cat >> .bashrc
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export LC_ALL="en_US.UTF-8"
source .bash_profile
echo $LANG
echo $LC_ALL
Error I have encountered:
[oracle@oratest ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/orcl/upgrade20190625090048/catupgrd_datapatch_upgrade.log
SQL Patching tool version 18.0.0.0.0 Production on Tue Jun 25 09:23:57 2019
Copyright (c) 2012, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Log file for this invocation: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_18753_2019_06_25_09_23_57/sqlpatch_invocation.log
Connecting to database...OK
Gathering database info...done
Bootstrapping registry and package to current versions...done
Error: prereq checks failed!
verify_queryable_inventory returned ORA-20001: Latest xml inventory is not loaded into table
Prereq check failed, exiting without installing any patches.
Please refer to MOS Note 1609718.1 and/or the invocation log
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_18753_2019_06_25_09_23_57/sqlpatch_invocation.log
for information on how to resolve the above errors.
SQL Patching tool complete on Tue Jun 25 09:24:04 2019
[oracle@ oratest ~]$
Start Oracle database upgrading
Change directory to 18c ORACLE_HOME/bin
execute dbupgrade
cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin
./dbupgrade
Start database once up gradation is completed. Check timezone file version. If version of the file is less than 31 then apply timezone fix.
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup
SELECT * FROM v$timezone_file;
Top apply timezone fix start database in upgrade mode.
shutdown immediate
startup upgrade
Execute Timezone fix
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
l_tz_version PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
l_tz_version := DBMS_DST.get_latest_timezone_version;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('l_tz_version=' || l_tz_version);
DBMS_DST.begin_upgrade(l_tz_version);
END;
/
Start database normally and apply upgrades
shutdown immediate
startup
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
l_failures PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
DBMS_DST.upgrade_database(l_failures);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('DBMS_DST.upgrade_database : l_failures=' || l_failures);
DBMS_DST.end_upgrade(l_failures);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('DBMS_DST.end_upgrade : l_failures=' || l_failures);
END;
/
Verify timezone file version.
SELECT * FROM v$timezone_file;
COLUMN property_name FORMAT A30
COLUMN property_value FORMAT A20
SELECT property_name, property_value
FROM database_properties
WHERE property_name LIKE 'DST_%'
ORDER BY property_name;
Execute post upgrade fixups once upgrade completes.
@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/orcl/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql
